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When George Herbert Walker Bush decided to vacate his congressional seat and run for the U.S. Senate in 1970, he supported Baker's decision to run for the congressional seat he was vacating. It turns out the full story is more complicated than how most people remember it. "It was functioning perfectly," Lubas said. Baker served in this role through 1992. James West Baker (Jimmy), of Olive Branch, Mississippi, was born in Benton County, Mississippi, on April 7, 1939. The White House and State Department quickly denied that Baker had said it, but William Safire, the New York Times columnist, followed with a piece saying that Baker had actually said something like it on two different occasions. James Baker's son, Robert III, was the ancestor of the Hancock Co. Bakers. Developing pragmatic policy approaches to the regions enduring political, economic and societal concerns. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on. They didnt vote for us., The word Jews didnt actually appear in the quote, but an editor at the Post inserted it in parentheses, presumably to help the readers understand who Baker was supposedly referring to. After Bush accepted the vice presidential slot on a ticket headed by Ronald Reagan that year, Baker joined Reagans campaign staff as a senior adviser. Former U.S. Secretary of State James A. Baker III responded to my question about NATO's eastward expansion. 01/31/1978 - James Baker III, candiidate for Texas Attorney General, speaks to news media. During the Reagan administration, Baker also served on the Economic Policy Council, where he played an instrumental role in achieving the passage of the administration's tax and budget reform package in 1981. In 199091 he helped orchestrate the international coalition that opposed Iraqs invasion of Kuwait. However, another G. H. W. Bush Administration veteran, Robert Gates, was appointed instead, and only after the 2006 elections. Major gifts provide the funds necessary for the Baker Institute to explore new areas of study and research, and expand current programs. A 2008 film Recount covers the days following the controversial election. Josh White was The Washington Post's America desk editor. . Bush and Baker saw the comment as a commitment from Shamir not to expand settlements, whereas the Israeli premier meant the exact opposite: that he would continue to build in the occupied territories, because such building shouldnt pose a problem in his view. Former President George H.W. On June 15, 2002, Virginia Graeme Baker, the 7-year-old granddaughter of Baker, daughter of Nancy and James Baker IV, was the victim of suction-pump entrapment in an in-ground spa. He was a regular tennis partner of George H. W. Bush at the Houston Country Club in the late 1950s. Updates? "The Man Who Ran Washington: The Life and Times of James A. Baker III," by Peter Baker and Susan Glasser. "Profiles: The Tactician". He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. [40] In December 2003, President George W. Bush appointed Baker as his special envoy to ask various foreign creditor nations to forgive or restructure $100billion in international debts owed by the Iraq government which had been incurred during the tenure of Saddam Hussein. Many of Baker's concerns proved correct, and the project became a key factor in the company's downfall. Baker was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991. Reagan appointed Baker as his White House Chief of Staff, and Baker remained in that position until 1985, when he became the Secretary of the Treasury. Baker served as Undersecretary of Commerce under President Gerald Ford in 1975, and ran Ford's unsuccessful re-election campaign in 1976. He served as the nation's 61st secretary of state from January 1989 through August 1992 under President George H.W. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. Gerald Ford in 1975, and that same year he helped Ford secure the Republican Partys presidential nomination for the 1976 election. Baker has formal involvement with the country of Azerbaijan as he serves on the Honorary Council of Advisers for the U.S.-Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. But the report about his comments had such resonance because his policies were perceived to be skeptical of Israel.. After Reagan won the election, he appointed Baker White House chief of staff, a post that Baker filled until he was made secretary of the Treasury in 1985. [26], Baker was notable for making little and slow efforts towards improving the state of Israeli-Palestinian relations. Proud grandfather and former Secretary of State James A. Baker III dared graduates of his alma mater, The Hill School, on Saturday to be revolutionaries. Vetter. The email newsletter of Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy provides a snapshot of institute news, research and upcoming events. On June 15, 2002, Virginia Graeme Baker, the seven-year-old granddaughter of Baker, daughter of Nancy and James Baker IV, was the victim of lethal suction entrapment in an in-ground spa. Exploring how religion and cultural factors interact with public policy issues. Thats a testament not only to the great effort Baker invested in the Middle East peace process, but also to the central role Israel has played, and continues to play, in domestic U.S. politics: For every story in the book about shuttle diplomacy between Jerusalem and Arab capitals, theres a matching story about political fights surrounding Israel on Capitol Hill and inside the White House. Strengthening the binational relationship by addressing major concerns on both sides of the border. His father was a partner of Houston law firm Baker Botts.Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. James Baker serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for the World Justice Project. Baker became chairman of Bush's Senate campaign in Harris County, Texas. James Addison Baker III, n le 28 avril 1930 Houston (Texas), est un avocat, , diplomate et homme politique amricain, membre du Parti rpublicain, ancien secrtaire au Trsor de Ronald Reagan entre 1985 et 1988 et ancien secrtaire d'tat de George H. W. Bush de 1989 1993. [12] Baker resigned to serve as campaign manager of Ford's unsuccessful 1976 election campaign. Baker was a member of the United States Marine Corps from 1952 to 1954, attaining the rank of first lieutenant as a naval gunfire officer serving in the Mediterranean Sea aboard the USSMonrovia. Rising from a comfortable beginning, James A. Baker, III took his Baker, Peter, and Glasser, Susan, The Man Who Ran Washington Doubleday, 2020, at pp. (Read James Bakers Britannica essay on isolationism.). James Baker Oral History at Houston Oral History Project, November 20, 2007. Baker helped to construct the 34-nation alliance that fought alongside the United States in the Gulf War. [26], Baker soon decided that Aaron David Miller and Daniel Kurtzer would be his principal aides in Middle Eastern policies. Bushs successful campaign for the presidential election of 1988 and thereupon was appointed secretary of state. 492, 505. He earned a law degree from the University of Texas at Austin in 1957 and then joined a major Houston law firm, eventually becoming a partner in it. Staff writer Maria Glod contributed to this report. In 1970 Bakers longtime friend George H.W. [31] However, despite having run two winning campaigns for Ronald Reagan and one for Bush, Baker was unsuccessful in the second campaign for Bush, who lost to Clinton by 370 electoral votes to 168.[32]. Family (1) Trivia (10) U.S. Secretary of the Treasury from 1985-1988 in the second Ronald Reagan administration. They had four sons together. Baker's record of public service began in 1975 as under secretary of commerce to President Gerald Ford. He left The Post in December 2020. During the making of the film Baker was interviewed. From his combat service during World War II until his time at the highest levels in American political leadership, he spent his career trying to make our country the very best it could be," said Secretary Baker. Studying timely issues in global economic policy as well as developmental policy in foreign countries. Journalism power-couple Susan Glasser, a staff writer at the New Yorker, and Peter Baker, the New York Times' chief White House correspondent, have cowritten The Man Who Ran Washington, a biography of former Secretary of State and White House chief of staff James A. Baker III, arguably the 20th century's savviest DC power player.. Baker played a role in nearly every major event near the . [19], On January 9, 1991, during the Geneva Peace Conference with Tariq Aziz in Geneva, Baker declared that "If there is any user of (chemical or biological weapons), our objectives won't just be the liberation of Kuwait, but the elimination of the current Iraqi regime."[20] Baker later acknowledged that the intent of this statement was to threaten a retaliatory nuclear strike on Iraq,[21] and the Iraqis received his message. He is known for The American Ruling Class (2005), The Bush Years: Family, Duty, Power (2019) and Countdown to Zero (2010). Reached at their McLean home yesterday, the Baker family declined to comment. Corporations can become involved with the institute in a number of ways and see the benefit from the research conducted by our fellows and scholars. During his tenure at the State Department, Baker traveled to 90 foreign countries as the United States confronted the . After calming down a bit, he settled for declaring Netanyahu persona non grata, barring him from even entering the doors of the State Department. Despite pleas from his Middle East adviser, Dennis Ross, Baker refused to change the decision. Afterwards, he earned a J.D. Baker attended The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. Reagan rejected the Phillips-Wright request, but in 1985, he named Baker as United States Secretary of the Treasury, in a job-swap with then Secretary Donald T. Regan, a former Merrill Lynch officer who became Chief of Staff. Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.[17]. 's Baker Hints Iraq Plan Needs Change". After leaving government service, Baker became a partner in a law firm and served as a diplomatic envoy for United Nations secretary-general Kofi Annan for the Western Sahara. On October 9, 2006, the Washington Post quoted co-chairman Baker as saying "our commission believes that there are alternatives between the stated alternatives, the ones that are out there in the political debate, of 'stay the course' and 'cut and run'". Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. Geni requires JavaScript! Bush and Secretary of State James A. Baker III (left) meet with reporters on the White House lawn on May 17, 1991, in Washington. Climate Leadership, Policy & Political Thoughts on the Current Crisis, State Dept. Ray Covey, HP staff / Houston Chronicle Show More Show Less 2 of 2 Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He has been married to Susan Garrett Winston since 1973. They claimed that Baker, a former Democrat and a Bush political intimate, was undermining conservative initiatives in the administration. Bush. Israel, a country Baker visited countless times during his four years as President George H.W. President George H. W. Bush appointed Baker Secretary of State in 1989. "G.O.P. For three decades and more, James A Baker III was the face of American power. In 1995, Baker published his memoirs of service as Secretary of State in a book entitled The Politics of Diplomacy: Revolution, War and Peace, 19891992 (ISBN 0-399-14087-5). Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. [26], Baker became the first American statesman to negotiate directly and officially with Palestinians in the Madrid Conference of 1991, which was the first comprehensive peace conference that involved every party involved in the Arab-Israeli conflict and the conference was designed to address all outstanding issues. When Bush was elected, he only received 29% of Jewish voters' support, and his reelection was thought to be imminent, so there was little pressure on the administration to make bold moves in diplomatic relations with Israel. Israeli leaders initially thought that Baker had a poor grasp of Middle Eastern issues a perception exacerbated by his use of the term "Greater Israel" and viewed Israel as a "problem for the United States" according to Moshe Arens. The administration forced Israel to halt the development of the 6,000 planned housing units, but the 11,000 housing units already under construction were permitted to be completed and inhabited with no penalty. Baker was portrayed in the film by British actor Tom Wilkinson. Baker, no relation, is the co-author of "The Man Who Ran Washington: the Life and Times of James Baker III." He wrote the book with his wife, "New Yorker" correspondent Susan Glasser.. Bakers grandson, was born in 1930 to the wealthy Baker family and attended Princeton University. She passed away of breast cancer in February. One thing that becomes clear while reading Baker and Glassers book is how much the Republican Partys stances on Israel and the Middle East have changed since the days of James Baker. Koch wrote that during a recent White House meeting Baker had responded to criticism of his tough approach to Israel by saying, Fuck em. James Baker was the latest in a long line of James Bakers. On March 15, 2006, Congress announced the formation of the Iraq Study Group, a high-level panel of prominent former officials charged by members of Congress with taking a fresh look at America's policy on Iraq. In 1973, Baker and Susan Garrett Winston, a close friend of Mary Stuart's, were married. Bush. Facebook gives people the power. He served as the nation's 61st secretary of state from January 1989 through August 1992 under President George H.W. Haaretz.com, the online English edition of Haaretz Newspaper in Israel, gives you breaking news, analyses and opinions about Israel, the Middle East and the Jewish World. Bush administration. "The FBI's top lawyer, James Baker, is being reassigned one of the first moves by new director Christopher A. Wray to assemble his own team of senior advisers as he tries to fend off. Baker attended The Kinkaid School in Houston, before graduating from The Hill School, a boarding school in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. James Addison Baker III, born 28 Apr 1930 Date 1989 Type Photograph Medium Color photograph on paper Dimensions Sheet: 35.6 27.9cm (14 11") Credit Line National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Time magazine Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply Copyright William Coupon Object number NPG.90.TC16 Collection Description Fax: 713-348-5993. By now, its probably the most famous quote attributed to the 90-year-old elder statesman. Baker's time away from politics was very brief, however. In the Trump-led Republican Party of 2020, that position is shared by very few. 1990, statement of James A. Baker III. [41], State of Denial, a book by investigative reporter Bob Woodward, says that White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card urged President Bush to replace Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld with Baker following the 2004 presidential election. Secretary Baker made clear to us that he thinks President Trump has leaned too heavily in one direction when it comes to Middle East peace, Peter Baker told Haaretz. Together they had four sons, including James Addison Baker IV, a partner at Baker Botts. After two years of active duty as a lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps, he entered The University of Texas School of Law at Austin. John C. Baker. Through the internships on campus and beyond, Rice students can explore careers in public policy, or simply become better informed about important issues of the day. "Most deaths from hot tubs and spas are drowning deaths that aren't related to entanglements or getting trapped," said Mark Ross, a spokesman for the consumer agency, adding that voluntary safety controls have cut down the number of dangerous drains. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [28], However, Baker has been criticized for spending much of his tenure in a state of inaction regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which arguably led to further infringements on Palestinian rights and the growing radicalism of Arabs and Israelis. [37] He left behind the Baker II plan, accepted as a suitable basis of negotiations by the Polisario and unanimously endorsed by the Security Council, but rejected by Morocco.[38]. Baker also served on Reagan's National Security Council, and remained Treasury Secretary until 1988, during which time he also served as campaign chairman for George H. W. Bush's successful presidential bid. The Man Who Ran Washington: The Life and Times of James A. Baker III, by Peter Baker and Susan Glasser, is published by Doubleday, priced $35. From 1957 to 1969, and then from 1973 to 1975 he practiced law at the law firm of Andrews & Kurth. with honors in 1957 and practiced law with the Houston firm of Andrews and Kurth from 1957 to 1975. James Baker III looking through the Iraq Study Group report before delivering it to the Senate Armed Services Committee in Washington, December 7, 2006. James A. Baker, III, has served in senior government positions under three United States presidents. In 2000, Baker served as chief legal adviser for George W. Bush during the 2000 presidential election campaign and oversaw the Florida recount. [52], Baker began service on the Rice University board of trustees in 1993.[53]. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [51] In 2017, this group of "Republican elder statesmen" proposed that conservatives embrace a fee and dividend form of carbon tax (in which all revenue generated by the tax is rebated to the populace in the form of lump-sum dividends), as a policy to deal with anthropogenic climate change. Neither Koch nor Safire named a source, but the former mayor later acknowledged in a book that Kemp was the one who tipped him off., Peter Baker and Susan Glasser interviewed both Kemp and James Baker about the episode. Baker has a sister, Bonner Baker Moffitt. Bakerwho served on George W. Bush's Homeland Security Councilis the son of James Baker, who for more than a decade was one of the most powerful people in Washington, serving from 1981 to. A native Houstonian, Baker graduated from Princeton University in 1952. Well, AIPAC wont like that, someone said. In this August 11, 1990 file photo, President George H. W. Bush is pictured with his advisers on the Middle East crisis, including Secretary of State James Baker III, right. Sanger, David E. Ron Sachs/CNP for NY Post After leaving the FBI, Twitter seemed eager to hire Baker. I know he didnt mean it that way, Kemp said. He recalled that the discussion was indeed focused on the votes of the Jewish community, but that Baker didnt use the F word. Bush appointed Baker Secretary of State in 1989. American lawyer and statesman (born 1930), This article is about the politician. Tabor. In a classic instance of Washington's willful self-deception, the people who work with James A. Baker III proclaim him a warm, funny Renaissance man with old-fashioned family values. James Addison Baker III[note 1] (born April 28, 1930)[1] is an American attorney, diplomat and statesman. Everybody over there should know that the [White House] telephone number is 1-202-456-1414, he said.